Wind power
Wind power is an infinite source of energy that has been used for thousands of years. In a wind turbine, the kinetic energy of the wind is converted into electricity. The amount of electricity generated depends on the wind speed and how much of the wind energy the wind turbine can capture. The latter is determined by the length of the blades.
In Sweden, wind power is dominated by onshore wind power. Wind power generation currently accounts for around 17% of electricity generation in Sweden. Technological developments in recent years have made efficient generation possible in cold climates and forests, which has resulted in increased deployment of wind power in northern Sweden. Wind power is geographically dispersed throughout Sweden, with the majority now located in northern Sweden.
The demand for electricity will increase significantly due to the production of hydrogen. At the same time, electricity consumption in future is expected to be even higher than previously assumed throughout society. This emphasises the need to have collaborative planning for electricity and hydrogen grids going forward. This will create greater opportunities for storage and capacity utilisation, as there are synergies between the hydrogen infrastructure and existing and future electricity grids.
Offshore wind
and hydrogen
The European Commission’s hydrogen strategy for Europe highlights hydrogen as a decisive factor for the transition that needs to take place. The Nordic Region can be an enabler here. Our long coastlines represent a huge asset compared to other countries in Northern Europe, one that will help us to utilise offshore wind power.
Regional demand for hydrogen in the Gulf of Bothnia is projected to exceed 30 TWh in 2030 and be around 65 TWh in 2050. Much of this hydrogen is expected to be produced by well-extended onshore and offshore wind turbines in the region. This production will enable the expansion of more than 20,000 MW of wind power capacity.
Hydrogen will enable many sectors in society, such as manufacturing and aviation, to achieve their climate goals. Hydrogen can be used as a feedstock, as a fuel or for energy storage, and has many potential applications within the industrial, transport and energy sectors.